| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
tracing/histograms: Verify event_call identity when updating synth_event refcount
In event_hist_trigger_parse() and hist_unreg_all(), the histogram
registration and unregistration paths look up find_synth_event() using
trace_event_name(file->event_call) and adjust se->ref if a match is
found.
Because find_synth_event() only compares the event basename, registering
or removing a histogram on a non-synthetic trace event whose basename
matches a synthetic event erroneously modifies the synthetic event's
reference count. If a histogram is registered on the non-synthetic
event before the synthetic event is created and removed afterwards,
se->ref is decremented without a matching increment, allowing the
synthetic event to be freed while an active histogram action still holds
a pointer to it.
Introduce find_synth_event_call() to verify that &se->call matches
file->event_call before adjusting se->ref. |
| In Eclipse ThreadX versions 6.0.1 through 6.5.2.202603, built with TX_ENABLE_EVENT_TRACE, the Module Manager lets a user-mode, memory-protected module register any function pointer as the kernel's trace-buffer-full callback, which the kernel calls from privileged code when the trace buffer wraps. A malicious module can thereby run its own code with kernel privilege, defeating module isolation, or fault the kernel with an invalid pointer. |
| Refitter is a tool for generating a C# REST API client using the Refit library. Prior to 2.1.1, the `refitter` dotnet tool invokes `NJsonSchema` with unsafe defaults for `$ref` resolution when generating Refit interfaces and contracts from attacker-controlled or attacker-influenced OpenAPI descriptions. Remote `http(s)` references cause requests from the developer or CI host and inline untrusted remote schema content into generated output. Absolute local file paths and relative `../` traversal outside the input directory also resolve and inline local content, permitting arbitrary local-file disclosure. The demonstrated chain stops at server-side request forgery, remote file inclusion, and local file inclusion, not code execution: Refit sets the base URL at runtime, enum values use verbatim-string doubling, and string defaults are escaped. This issue is fixed in version 2.1.1. |
| Functype is a family of TypeScript functional programming libraries. Prior to 1.4.4, the `set_functype_version` MCP tool in `functype-mcp-server` accepts an unconstrained `version` string using only `z.string()` validation in `packages/mcp-server/src/index.ts` and interpolates it into `functype@<version>` for `pnpm add`. Package-alias syntaxes such as `file:`, `npm:`, URLs, or paths can cause an arbitrary local or remote package to be installed as functype. Immediately afterward, `initDocsData(true)` in `packages/mcp-server/src/lib/docs/data.ts` resolves `functype/cli` and dynamically imports the newly installed module, executing attacker-controlled JavaScript with the MCP server process's privileges. Any MCP client able to send a `tools/call` request invoking the tool can exploit the flaw; the tool is enabled by default without authentication in `stdio` mode. A connected AI assistant susceptible to indirect prompt injection can also be induced to invoke it from a malicious document or web page. In non-default `TRANSPORT_TYPE=httpStream` deployments, a network-accessible attacker does not require local access. Successful execution can read process secrets, modify files, or terminate the server. This issue is fixed in `version` 1.4.4. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ipv4: free inet_opt and ireq_opt after an RCU grace period
tcp_v4_syn_recv_sock() transfers ownership of ireq->ireq_opt to the
child socket (newinet->inet_opt) without copying it.
Another cpu can concurrently process a retransmitted SYN for the same
request socket, and send a SYNACK from tcp_check_req().
tcp_v4_send_synack() and inet_csk_route_req() read ireq->ireq_opt
under rcu_read_lock() only, and ip_build_and_send_pkt() and
ip_options_build() then read opt->optlen twice.
Note that the SYNACK timer itself is not an issue: it holds a
reference on its request socket, and inet_csk_reqsk_queue_drop()
calls timer_delete_sync() before the child can be freed.
Since commit 079096f103fa ("tcp/dccp: install syn_recv requests
into ehash table"), request sockets are processed without holding
the listener lock, so nothing prevents the child socket from being
freed while the SYNACK is still being built. TCP child sockets do
not have SOCK_RCU_FREE, and inet_sock_destruct() frees inet_opt
with a plain kfree(), leading to a use-after-free in
ip_options_build().
A similar issue exists with request socket migration
(net.ipv4.tcp_migrate_req=1, or a BPF_SK_REUSEPORT_SELECT_OR_MIGRATE
program). reqsk_timer_handler() clones the request socket with
inet_reqsk_clone(), so that the old request socket and its clone
share the same ireq_opt, then reqsk_migrate_reset() clears the
pointer in the old one. Another cpu holding a reference on the old
request socket can still be using these options (sending a SYNACK,
or creating a child in tcp_v4_syn_recv_sock()) when the clone is
freed, and tcp_v4_reqsk_destructor() also uses a plain kfree().
Readers already use RCU, and other paths replacing inet_opt
(do_ip_setsockopt(), cipso_v4_sock_setattr()...) already use
kfree_rcu(). Use kfree_rcu() in inet_sock_destruct() and
tcp_v4_reqsk_destructor() as well.
IPv6 is not affected by the first issue, because tcp_v6_syn_recv_sock()
duplicates the options. tcp_v6_reqsk_destructor() has the same
migration issue with ipv6_opt, which is only set by CALIPSO. This
will be addressed in a separate patch. |
| A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in Safari 27.2, iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS 26.7.2, iOS 27.2 and iPadOS 27.2, macOS Golden Gate 27.2, tvOS 27.2, visionOS 27.2, watchOS 27.2. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution. |
| Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, an authenticated attacker may cause a heap-use-after-free in `PJSIP TCP/SDP` handling by sending a `SIP INVITE` over a connection-oriented transport and disconnecting before Asterisk responds with the `200 OK`. So far, the crash has only been reproduced when Asterisk is built with `Address Sanitizer`, which detects the issue. `Address Sanitizer` is a development tool with significant performance overhead and, according to the maintainer, is not used in production systems. This issue is fixed in Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3. |
| Mistral Vibe before 3.0.3 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to run commands by defining git filter drivers in an untrusted repository's .git/config. When started with --worktree, git worktree add applies .gitattributes and runs filter smudge, clean, or process commands before the trusted-folder check, executing attacker commands with user privileges. |
| Due to use of a dangling pointer, libcurl 7.29.0 through 7.71.1 can use the wrong connection when sending data. |
| In Eclipse ThreadX versions 6.0.1 through 6.5.2.202603, the PendSV handler of the Cortex-M module ports saves a preempted user-mode module thread's registers in privileged mode at addresses taken from the thread's stack pointer, without checking that pointer against the thread's stack. A user-mode, memory-protected module can thereby write up to nine words, eight of its choosing, or 25 with floating-point state, into memory immediately below any region it may write, and read back what is stored there. |
| Roundcube Webmail before 1.6.20 and 1.7.x before 1.7.5 passes potentially unsafe content into ImageMagick when resizing images. SVG and EPS were accepted as valid image types for contact photo upload and conversion, and both formats can reference external resources and invoke ImageMagick delegates when processed. Upstream fixed this in the commit “Fix passing potentally unsafe attachment content into ImageMagick on image resize”, which removes svg and eps from the accepted types. |
| PHP has various global state that temporarily points into request memory. In some scenarios, global state may not be correctly reset, or may be repopulated after being reset. The global state may then refer to request memory even after it has been freed. Subsequent requests may read or branch on this stale state before it is fully initialized. Multiple strategies can trigger this condition and produce remote code execution (RCE). |
| PHP uses longjmp() for out-of-memory (OOM) errors to exit the current context and abort handling of the request. Some contexts may not properly account for this scenario and leave request memory in an uninitialized state before performing an allocation. The subsequent request cleanup procedure may read or branch on this memory. Multiple OOM strategies can consistently trigger this condition and lead to remote code execution (RCE). |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: bcmgenet: unshare the skb before writing the control block
bcmgenet stores first_cb, last_cb and bytes_sent in the skb control
block and reads them back on completion to free the skb and credit BQL.
ether_setup() leaves IFF_TX_SKB_SHARING set, so the stack can resubmit
a shared skb that is still in the ring. The next transmit overwrites
last_cb, so the earlier slots complete without crediting their bytes
and BQL stalls the queue until the watchdog resets it.
Unshare the skb before writing the control block.
Reproduce with pktgen in clone_skb mode, which hands the driver the same
skb while earlier copies are still in the ring:
modprobe pktgen
pg=/proc/net/pktgen
echo "add_device eth0" > $pg/kpktgend_0
echo "dst_mac AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF" > $pg/eth0
echo "dst 192.0.2.1" > $pg/eth0
echo "clone_skb 8" > $pg/eth0
echo "count 0" > $pg/eth0
echo start > $pg/pgctrl &
sleep 5
echo stop > $pg/pgctrl
wait
cat /sys/class/net/eth0/queues/tx-0/byte_queue_limits/inflight
inflight stays nonzero on the now idle queue. clone_skb 0 leaves it at
zero. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
scsi: st: Fix use-after-free race between st_remove() and st_open()
st_remove() drops the probe reference on the scsi_tape with kref_put()
and only afterwards removes its index from st_index_idr. If that was the
last reference, scsi_tape_release() frees the structure while it is
still published in the idr.
scsi_tape_get(), called from st_open(), looks up the tape in
st_index_idr and takes a reference under st_ref_mutex and
st_index_lock. remove_cdevs() does not wait for opens that are already
past chrdev_open(), so an open that is blocked on st_ref_mutex while
st_remove() holds it can take the mutex as soon as st_remove() drops it,
find the freed tpnt in the idr and call kref_get() on it:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in st_open
Write of size 4 ...
st_open (drivers/scsi/st.c:254 drivers/scsi/st.c:1291)
chrdev_open
...
Freed by task ...:
kfree
st_remove (drivers/scsi/st.c:4512)
Remove the index from the idr before dropping the reference, all under
st_ref_mutex. A concurrent scsi_tape_get() now either runs first and
holds a valid reference that keeps the tape alive, or runs afterwards
and finds nothing, so st_open() fails with -ENXIO.
This restores the ordering st_remove() had before the conversion to
st_index_idr, where the tape was unpublished from scsi_tapes[] before
the final kref_put(). |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
gpio: shared: fix use-after-free bug when adding shared proxies
The GPIO lookup table can stay alive for longer than the kobject whose
name string's address we're assigning to lookup->dev_id. Fix a potential
UAF by duplicating the string. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
firewire: core: fix race condition in split transaction handling
For a split transaction, either fw_core_handle_response() or
split_transaction_timeout_callback() may manipulate the same transaction
entry in the pending transaction list. The return value of timer_delete()
is used to determine which function handles the entry. If the transaction
is a split transaction and timer_delete() returns zero, the timeout
callback may already be running. In this case, the response handler must
leave the entry in the list for the timeout callback to remove.
A previous code refactoring broke this behavior, introducing a race
condition in which both functions could process the same transaction.
This could lead to a use-after-free on the transaction initiator side.
Fix the regression by ensuring that the response handler does not process
the transaction when timer_delete() returns zero. The timeout callback is
responsible for removing the entry from the pending transaction list. |
| This issue was addressed by enforcing library validation on the affected binaries. This issue is fixed in Xcode 27. An app may be able to break out of its sandbox. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
unicode: free the map after a grace period
generic_ci_d_hash() and generic_ci_d_compare() read sb->s_encoding and
dereference the unicode map while a pathwalk in rcu mode holds nothing
but rcu_read_lock(). The filesystems that use them, ext4, f2fs and
tmpfs, drop the map with utf8_unload() from ->put_super(), which runs
when the last reference to the mount goes away. A lookup that is still
inside such a filesystem at that point reads a freed map.
With a pathwalk held up in utf8_casefold_hash() while the last reference
to a casefolded tmpfs goes away:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in utf8nlookup+0x74c/0x950
Read of size 8 at addr ff110001030fe658 by task walker/98
Call Trace:
<TASK>
utf8nlookup+0x74c/0x950
utf8byte+0x160/0x1560
utf8_casefold_hash+0x167/0x230
generic_ci_d_hash+0xdd/0x1c0
link_path_walk+0x11ad/0x1d30
path_lookupat+0x63/0xb00
filename_lookup+0x1f1/0x5b0
vfs_statx+0xd7/0x3b0
[...]
Allocated by task 94:
__kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x249/0x560
utf8_load+0x4e/0x570
shmem_parse_opt_casefold.isra.0+0x92/0x270
[...]
Freed by task 97:
kfree+0x1db/0x5b0
shmem_put_super+0x72/0x170
generic_shutdown_super+0x14c/0x530
kill_anon_super+0x3a/0x60
deactivate_locked_super+0x9c/0xf0
cleanup_mnt+0x9f/0x130
So far that has been hard to hit. umount(2) waits for a grace period
in namespace_unlock() before it drops the mount, so only a mount whose
last reference goes away elsewhere, like the close of a file or a chdir
out of a lazily unmounted directory, can race a walker. So it is
reachable.
Delay the free until a grace period has passed. The map and the data
table it holds a reference to then outlive any pathwalk that found the
superblock before the mount went away. The reference on the data table
module is dropped from the rcu callback as well. utf8-core is built in
whenever CONFIG_UNICODE is set, so there is no module exit that would
have to wait for the callbacks.
Overlayfs points the s_encoding of an overlay at the map of its first
layer without taking a reference of its own. That stays correct. The
layer is held by the overlay, so its map is dropped only after the
overlay is gone. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net/rds: don't let the rdma_cm destroy an id RDS still owns on route failure
rds_rdma_cm_event_handler_cmn() hands the return value of
rdma_resolve_route() straight back to the rdma_cm on
RDMA_CM_EVENT_ADDR_RESOLVED. A synchronous failure there - -ENOMEM
from the route work allocation, an SA query that cannot be set up, a
RoCE route with no usable device - makes addr_handler() destroy the
id the event was delivered on. That id is ic->i_cm_id, and nothing
clears the pointer: the connection sits in RDS_CONN_CONNECTING with a
freed id until its shutdown calls rdma_disconnect() and
rdma_destroy_id() on it.
The ROUTE_RESOLVED case already avoids this: rds_ib_cm_initiate_connect()
forces a zero return while ic->i_cm_id == cm_id, as the comment there
explains. Do the same here - drop the connection and return 0 - so
the id stays RDS's to destroy from the shutdown, and the reconnect
gets a fresh one. |
